vmem into a memory dump file (in Hyper-V, it can be vm2dmp.exe or MoonSols Windows Memory toolkit for VMWare vmem-files).įor example, to convert a vmem page file of a VMWare virtual machine into a dump, use this command:īin2dmp.exe "wsrv2008r2-1.vmem" vmware.dmp To do it, you need the Debugging Tool for Windows (WinDbg), mimikatz itself and a tool to convert. vmem of virtual machine files (virtual machine paging files and their snapshots). It is also possible to extract user passwords from memory dump files, system hibernation files (hiberfil.sys), and. In the best of all worlds, you never needed to worry about this in the first place, but if you subscribe to the security in depth approach, you make sure that even a successful intrusion doesn't compromise all of your data.Extracting Windows Passwords from Hyberfil.sys and VM Page Files They may or may not be able to afford the cost of breaking the hash. #GET HASHES FACEBOOK ACCOUNTS HACKING LINUX PASSWORD#They need to have the password which hashes to that value. Thus, login information is typically compromised before other more nefarious compromises occur.īy hashing the passwords, you decrease their value. However, in such situations, the login information users need must be within the SQL server's reach, or its of no value. You may have chrooted your SQL server, so that the SQL server process literally cannot see the entire rest of the computer. The attacker may get their hands on one of your backup tapes due to mishandling by your backup service!Īll of these attacks give an attacker a foothold on your computer, but they don't always result in a complete break. You could have a permissions error, accidentally making a file readable by people when you shouldn't have. You could have a buffer overrun, giving the attacker the ability to run their own code. You can have SQL injection attacks if you failed to sanitize your inputs. The ways these attacks occur are endless. If someone compromises your application, they may be able to read data that they weren't supposed to be able to read. Accordingly, they are almost always accessible to whatever application is doing the authentication. Every time a user logs in, you need the ability to access them. In the real world, there is a natural need to access hashes on a regular basis. The idea behind security in depth is to make it so that, in theory, even if an attacker compromises your system in some way, you have taken efforts to mitigate the damage. In a real world, intrusions do occur, and it remarkably hard to predict how and where they will occur. Hashing the passwords is part of what is known as "security in depth." You are correct that, in an ideal world, you would not make any mistakes which would give attackers access to that data, so in theory it would not matter if they were plaintext passwords or hashes. Even then, I'd check in on it every once in a while. The only truly secure computer is one that is isolated from the internet, turned off, unplugged, buried in a bunker 100ft under ground, with armed guards at the only entrance. Exploiting the database server, or web server through some other means.Hacking a developer / user with access to the databases. This could also be \000, \x00, \z, \u0000, \0, or \00 depending on the language you're using. is a "null terminator" used to avoid anything coming after it, so you don't try to include something that doesn't exist, e.g.: /etc/passwd.txt. etc/passwd (note: passwords, of course, aren't stored here finding valid usernames when people reuse passwords is the key here, or using the usernames to aid in escalation of privileges) Insecure Direct Object Reference leading to Local / Remote File Inclusion vulnerability. It really depends on the format of the query. The - is there to comment out parts of the SQL statement that may interfere with your injection. You could also use sp_msforeachdb, like so:Ī' exec sp_msforeachdb 'USE ? exec sp_msforeachTable "SELECT * FROM !","!"'. The attacker would use exploits below to further compromise a system.Ī OR 1=1' exec sp_msforeachtable "SELECT * FROM ?". Note that, with the below exploits, I am not necessarily providing examples which steal hashes (with the exception of SQLi), but examples of how the exploits can work. Now I might be a little wrong with the syntax as I haven't bothered to test it out right now, but in general, these are things you'd do in order to get that data. Here are some I can think of off the top of my head.
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